Long case by H.T.NO: 1701006131; N JOSHUA PAUL

 

79 y/o male with Recurrent CVA and left hemiplegia with Aspiration pneumonia and seizures disorder 

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I have been given this case to solve in an attempt to understand the topic of " patient clinical data analysis" to develop my competency in reading and comprehending clinical data including history, clinical findings, investigations and come up with diagnosis and treatment plan 


COMPLAINTS AND DURATION:

A 79 y/o male was brought to casuality with c/o cough since 1 & half month , fever since 10 days, difficulty in swallowing and h/o Aspiration pneumonia since one month
C/o altered sensorium since 3 days

HOPI 
Patient is a known case of cva with left hemiplegia, DM type 2 , Hypertension, Thyroid disorders, and bronchial asthma. 
 Patient was apparently asymptomatic one and half month back when he developed cough insidious in onset and gradually progressive. PRODUCTIVE but patient is not able to spit it out. Fever since 10 days -high grade. O/e Chills and rigors + (38 spikes).
Difficulty in swallowing. N/h/o vomiting, chest pain, loose stools.

PAST HISTORY  
 Patient is a k/c/o Hypertension and type 2 diabetes since past 10years for which he is  on medications I.e tab TELMA AM 40mg po/od.  Tab zoryl mv , po/od
 History of events:-
 • 10 years back , patient developed lesions on his both foot and went to the doctor and found to have diabetes and started on medication.and after 1 year ,with regular check up he was found to be Hypertensive  and started on antihypertensive medication.

 • 7 years back, patient developed head ache at around evening 7pm and followed by vomtings, next day morning onwards patient became drowsy and cannot move his limbs and was taken to the hospital and found to have infarct and started on antiplatelets.

  K/c/o CVA with left hemiplegia since 7 years. 
   K/c/o seizures disorder since 2 years for which on medications Tab levipil 500mg
  K/c/o hypothyroidism since 5 years on thyronorm 25mcg.

• From 7 years onwards , patient was bedridden with foleys (changed every 15 days) and physiotherapy was done by his attenders daily, but there was no such improvement.

• 20 days back, from March 1st onwards ,patient developed slurring of speech and decreased responsiveness and cough ( mild ) and unable to clear the throat secretions and was taken to the hospital and was treated with antibiotics and patient was brought here for further evaluation.


PERSONAL HISTORY 

Appetite lost, 
Mixed diet
Bowel- constipated, 
Bladder regular 
No known allergies and Addictions.
 i.e non alcoholic and non smoker

Family History-  not any

Treatment history   
 
•Tab TELMA AM 40mg po/od since past   10years
 •Tab zoryl mv , po/od
•Tab levipil 500mg since 2 years
• thyronorm 25mcg. Since5 years

GENERAL EXAMINATION 

O/e PT IS C/C/C
-PALLOR: PRESENT
-NO PEDAL EDEMA, ICTERUS, CYANOSIS, CLUBBING, LYMPHADENOPATHY

VITALS ON ADMISSION 

PR-90 BPM
BP- 140/80MM HG
RR- 22 CPM
SPO2- 98% AT RA
GRBS - 183mg/dl

SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION:

Respiratory :-

 Inspection :  dyspnoea:present
position of trachea: central
No wheezing
Breath sounds : vesicular

CNS
PATIENT WAS C/C/C.

HIGHER MENTAL FUNCTIONS- INTACT

GCS - E3V3M5

B/L PUPILS - NORMAL SIZE AND REACTIVE TO LIGHT

NO SIGNS OF MENINGEAL IRRITATION,

CRANIAL NERVES- cannot be elicited 
 SENSORY SYSTEM- cannot be elicited 
MOTOR SYSTEM: left side
  •TONE- hypotonic 
  •POWER- cannot be elicited both sides
  • B/L REFLEXES: 
BICEPS,  TRICEPS, SUPINATOR,  KNEE  ANKLE - hypotonia
 PLANTARS- hypotonia

CVS

ASCULTATION: S1S2 +,NO MURMURS

P/A
INSPECTION: UMBILICUS IS CENTRAL AND INVERTED, ALL QUADRANTS MOVING EQUALLY WITH RESPIRATION,NO SCARS,SINUSES, ENGORGED VEINS, PULSATIONS.

AUSCULTATION: no bowel sounds heard

Clinical images :




INVESTIGATIONS 



DIAGNOSIS 

Recurrent CVA with Hypertension, T2 DM, Thyroid disorder, BRONCHIAL ASTHMA, and seizures disorder. 

TREATMENT 

1) TAB ECOSPRIN 150 mg RT/OD
 2) TAB CLOPIDOGREL 75 MG RT/OD 
3) TAB ATORVAS 20 MG RT/OD
4) NEBULISATION - 3% NS ,
                                 MUCUMZY 8th hourly 
5) CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY.
6) RT FEEDS 100 ML WATER 2nd HRLY
                        50 ML Milk 2nd HRLY.

7) INJ HAP SC | TID / premeal a/l to GRBS 
8) TAB. THYRONORM 25MCG RT/OD
9) TAB. LEVIPiL TOOMG RT/OD

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